I typically use the verb “enact” to describe the same idea. I try to avoid using this term directly because it has become a troublesome heteronym - it can mean one thing, or the exact opposite, depending on who uses the word. However, I would be remiss not to include it here because the concept is always lurking in the background. In Judith Butler’s work, ‘performative’ (adjective) or ‘performativity’ (noun) means that by doing, a thing is brought into being. So when Butler says that gender is performative, they are not just saying that it is a thing that people do - they are saying that it exists as a doing, and that this doing has material consequences in the world. Butler’s meaning of the word directly contradicts the usage that has become commonplace in social justice circles, where “performative” means “it is only something you are doing for appearance sake, and does not extend to material change”. When I mean the latter, I try to use a term like “inclusivity theatre” instead. Person: Judith Butler
Elsewhere: Purdue College of Liberal Arts ![]()
Year: 1991